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A Theology of Process
August 19, 2006
The question of the metaphysical relation
of God and creativity is a watershed between process
theism and more traditional forms of theism. Process
philosophy, modifying a statement from Plato's
Sophist (247e), affirms that the most concrete
real beings — in Whitehead's language, actual
entities — are characterized by the power
to act and to be acted upon (Plato says real beings
act or are acted upon). In process metaphysics
no actual entity is wholly determined by the activity
of another; or phrased positively, every actual
entity retains some power of self-determination,
however minimal or slight it may be. … (p)rocess
theism's doctrine of creativity differs from that
of classical theism according to which God alone
is genuinely creative. Thomas Aquinas says that
in the proper sense of the word, only God creates
(Summa Theologica I, Q 45, a. 5). Aquinas explains
that to create is to bring something from nothing,
and this is possible only for deity. This is the
famous doctrine of creatio ex nihilo, or creation
from no pre-existing material. This ex nihilo
creation is logically distinct from the claim
that the universe is temporally finite …
Aquinas is clear that he accepts the temporal
finitude of the universe as a matter of faith,
from revelation, and not because of rational argument.
On the other hand, like other traditional theists
(Gottfried Leibniz for example), Aquinas holds
that God could have created a temporally infinite
universe, but it too would have been created ex
nihilo.(1)
-- Process Theism , 1.
God and Creativity
The problem of evil is often presented primarily
as an ethical concern, but there is an aesthetic
dimension to the problem that is emphasized by
process theism. If a perfectly good deity would
have the motive to overcome discord and wickedness,
it would also have a motive to avoid triviality
and boredom.
-- Process Theism , 5.
Divine Power and the Problem of Evil (2)
The Advent of the Holy Guardian Angel
Jesus said to his disciples, `Compare me
to someone and tell me whom I am like.`
Simon Peter said to him, `You are like a righteous
angel.`
Matthew said to him, `You are like a wise philosopher.`
Thomas said to him, `Master, my mouth is wholly
incapable of saying whom you are like.`
Jesus said, `I am not your master. Because you
have drunk, you have become intoxicated from the
bubbling spring which I have measured out.`
And he took him and withdrew and told him three
things. When Thomas returned to his companions,
they asked him, `What did Jesus say to you?`
Thomas said to them, `If I tell you one of the
things which he told me, you will pick up stones
and throw them at me; a fire will come out of
the stones and burn you up.`
--Nag Hamadi Corpus, The
Gospel of Thomas Logion 13
Blessed indeed is the one who has heard the Voice
of his Angel, for that one has attained unto the
borderland of the Kingdom. Blessed is the one
who hast heard the Voice of the Savior, for he
shall ascend unto the Height. Blessed is the one
who has been given his true name, for thy Angel
standeth forth, before you and before every power
in the Heavens and upon the Earth, that dwell
in the Waters and the Hells.
Amen.
1 http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/process-theism/#1
2 http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/process-theism#5
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